引导词就像个指挥，在前面走
同位语从句有哪些引导词？
同位语从句的引导词一共分为以下 4 类，即：
1、that ；2、whether ；3、疑问代词 ；4、疑问副词；
接下来，我们就分别进行介绍。
引导词
1、that 引导的同位语从句
that 引导同位语从句时，其仅仅起连接作用，无词义，也不用翻译，仅相当于一个冒号“：”，在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，通常不省略，举例：
- I just knew the fact that Jim went home.
我刚刚得知吉姆回家了的事实。
("that Jim went home" 是 fact 的同位语)
- The news that these products will no longer be available in the market must be true.
这些产品将不再在市场上销售的消息一定是真的。
("that these products will no longer be available in the market" 是 news 的同位语)
- I have an idea that I'll take care of your kids.
我有一个想法，那就是由我来照顾你的孩子。
("that I'll take care of your kids" 是 idea 的同位语)
whether
2、Whether 引导的同位语从句
当同位语从句要表达“是否”的含义时，引导词要用whether，并且不能用 if 进行替换，举例：
- Thoms hasn't made the decision whether he will go to the hospital.
汤姆斯还没有决定他是否去医院。
("whether he will go to the hospital" 是 decision 的同位语)
- I have no idea whether the boss will agree with us.
我不知道老板是否会同意我们的观点。
("whether the boss will agree with us" 是 idea 的同位语)
- We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。
("whether they can complete the task on time" 是 doubt 的同位语)
what?
3、疑问代词引导的同位语从句
疑问代词指这些：who，whom，whose，whoever，what，whatever，which，whichever 等，它们在从句中充当句子成分，举例：
- Let’s talk about the matter who will go to the conference.
下面我们来谈谈这个问题，谁去开会。
("who will go to the conference" 是 matter 的同位语)
- I have no idea whose computer is making noises in front of me.
我不知道谁的电脑在我面前发出噪音。
("whose computer is making noises in front of me" 是 idea 的同位语)
- They haven’t solved the problem what went wrong whith the server.
服务器出故障的问题他们还没解决。
("what went wrong whith the server" 是 problem 的同位语)
- I have no idea which car I should buy.
我不确定买哪辆车。
("which car I should buy" 是 idea 的同位语)
疑问副词
4、疑问副词引导的同位语从句
疑问副词指那些表示地点、时间、原因、方式等的词：where、when、how、why 等，它们在同位语从句中充当句子成分，作状语，举例：
- There's no question where Mr. Jobs belongs.
毫无疑问，乔布斯属于哪里。
("where Mr. Jobs belongs" 是 question 的同位语)
- I’ve no idea when Tom was born.
我不确定汤姆什么时候出生的。
("when Tom was born" 是 idea 的同位语)
- The question how we obtained such a high response rate will be discussed next week.
我们如何获得如此高的回复率的问题将在下周讨论。
("how we obtained such a high response rate" 是 question 的同位语)
- I have no idea why the cost of the IT services can be so expensive.
我不知道为何 IT 服务的成本会如此昂贵
("why the cost of the IT services can be so expensive" 是 idea 的同位语)
注意：当when、where、why、how 作同位语从句时，虽然在从句中充当成分，但前面没有与其意义相当的先行词，否则就会变成定语从句了（今后讲定语从句时会专门讲这一块），仅举一例：
- I don’t know the time when he was born.
我不知道他出生的时间。
(这样就变成了定语从句，因为“when he was born” 成了修饰 time 的定语)
